The heat treatment quality will have a direct relationship with processing quality follow-up that ultimately affect the performance and service life of parts, and the heat treatment is the major pollution and energy consumption of mechanical industry. In recent years, with the progress of science and technology and its application in thermal processing, heat treatment technology is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

(1)清洁热处理热处理生产形成的废水、废气、废盐、粉尘、噪声及电磁辐射等均会对环境造成污染。解决热处理的环境污染问题，实行清洁热处理(或称绿色环保热处理)是发达国家热处理技术发展的方向之一。为减少SO2、CO、CO2、粉尘及煤渣的排放，已基本杜绝使用煤作燃料，重油的使用量也越来越少，改用轻油的居多，天然气仍然是最理想的燃料。燃烧炉的废热利用已达到很高的程度，燃烧器结构的优化和空-燃比的严格控制保证了合理燃烧的前提下，使NOX和CO降低到最低限度；使用气体渗碳、碳氮共渗及真空热处理技术替代盐浴处理以减少废盐及含CN-有毒物对水源的污染；采用水溶性合成淬火油代替部分淬火油，采用生物可降解植物油代替部分矿物油以减少油污染。

(1) clean heat treatment, heat treatment production formation gas, waste salt, dust, noise and the electromagnetic radiation will cause pollution to the environment. To solve the pollution problems of heat treatment, clean heat treatment (or green heat treatment) is the direction of the development of heat treatment technology in developed countries. In order to reduce SO2, CO, CO2, dust and cinder emissions, has been basically put an end to the use of coal as fuel, the use of heavy oil is less, the majority of diesel oil, natural gas is still the most ideal fuel. Combustion has reached a high degree of furnace waste heat utilization ratio, strict control ensures the premise of reasonable combustion combustion optimization and air burner structure, make NOX and CO decreased to the minimum; the use of gas carburizing, carbonitriding and vacuum heat treatment technology to replace the salt bath treatment to reduce the waste salt and water CN- toxic pollution of water sources; the synthesis of water-soluble quenching oil instead of part of quenching oil, using biodegradable vegetable oil instead of part of mineral oil to reduce oil pollution.

(2)精密热处理精密热处理有两方面的含义：一方面是根据零件的使用要求、材料、结构尺寸，利用物理冶金知识及先进的计算机模拟和检测技术，优化工艺参数，达到所需的性能或最大限度地发挥材料的潜力；另一方面是充分保证优化工艺的稳定性，实现产品质量分散度很小(或为零)及热处理畸变为零。

(2) precision heat treatment has two meanings: one is the precision heat treatment, according to the requirements of parts of the use of materials, structure size, using the knowledge of physical metallurgy and advanced computer simulation and detection technology, optimization of process parameters, to achieve maximum performance or desired exerts the potential of materials; on the other hand is fully guarantee the stability of the optimization process, the product quality dispersion is very small (or zero) and heat treatment distortion is zero.

(3)节能热处理科学的生产和能源管理是能源有效利用的最有潜力的因素，建立专业热处理厂以保证满负荷生产、充分发挥设备能力是科学管理的选择。在热处理能源结构方面，优先选择一次能源；充分利用废热、余热；采用耗能低、周期短的工艺代替周期长、耗能大的工艺等。

(3) energy saving heat treatment of scientific production and energy management is the most potential factor energy efficiency, the establishment of professional heat treatment plant in order to ensure the full load production, make full use of the equipment ability is the choice of scientific management. In the energy structure of heat treatment, give priority to primary energy; make full use of waste heat, waste heat; the technology of low energy consumption, short cycle instead of long cycle, high energy consumption of the process.

(4)少无氧化热处理由采用保护气氛加热替代氧化气氛加热到精确控制碳势、氮势的可控气氛加热，热处理后零件的性能得到提高，热处理缺陷如脱碳、裂纹等大大减少，热处理后的精加工留量减少，提高了材料的利用率和机加工效率。真空加热气淬、真空或低压渗碳、渗氮、氮碳共渗及渗硼等可明显改善质量、减少畸变、提高寿命。

(4) less or non oxidation heat treatment by using protective atmosphere heating alternative oxidative atmosphere heating to precise control of carbon potential, potential of nitrogen controlled atmosphere heating parts, can improve the performance of heat treatment, heat treatment defects such as decarburization, crack greatly reduced after heat treatment, machining allowance to reduce, increase rate and the machining efficiency of the use of the material. Heating in vacuum gas quenching, vacuum or low pressure carburizing, nitriding, nitrocarburizing and boronizing can significantly improve the quality, reduce the distortion, and increased life expectancy.

轴承零件的热处理质量控制在整个机械行业是最为严格的。轴承热处理在过去的20来年里取得了很大的进步，主要表现在以下几个方面：热处理基础理论的研究；热处理工艺及应用技术的研究；新型热处理装备及相关技术的开发。

The quality of heat treatment of bearing parts of the control in the machinery industry is the most stringent. Bearing heat treatment have made great progress in the coming year over the past 20 years, mainly in the following aspects: the research of basic theory of heat treatment; process and application of heat treatment technology; development of new heat treatment equipment and related technology.